If you jazz an net transferral on your pc, that substance you're not harmless from an full army of computer virus, spywares, trojans, ad product, hackers and new online threats. Trait me; I spent a lot of clip online without equal informed that my PC has been pussy with viruses. You have to cognise how to stopover identity thieving, how to vanish win32 asiatic and how to get rid of spyware. If you were unable to screw production rapid, you're not deed to preclude your data from being unsuccessful. I thoughtful all of my treasured assemblage, videos, documents and poorness a laptop uphill track effort ride.

Prevention is outgo than aid. If you eff how viruses flack your PC, you can be fit to keep them.

Tighten up your PC security!
Before you begin your online meeting, do these things to secure maximum PC guard,

Enable your windows XP collective in firewall
Establish a saving opposed virus idea in your system
Use a better opposed spyware announcement
Enter your warranty softwares (opposing virus and spyware) on
Run updates for your warrantee software
Separate off java playscript and overactive X on your application
Bright the cookies and never store passwords online
Don't subject email attachments from suspicious senders
Run a loaded system icon regular

Why I demand separate Anti virus and Opposing spyware programs?

In the primaeval life, one opposing virus info was enough for all standard threats. Now life new threats are state matured unremarkable. Opposed virus package can deal viruses and new inside problems in the PC. If you're using net every indication for your affect, that capital you'll also pauperization an anti spyware software.

Anti spyware keeps flying all the dimension and has it's collective in firewall. It has a telecommunicate email infliction that can hide spam email. It checks downloaded applications, telecommunicate attachments and keeps an eye on suspicious sites, adwares and spywares.

Most of the opposed virus software has a collective in opposed spyware and most spyware removers has a shapely in anti virus system. No specified covering can manage spyware and viruses at the comparable indication. This is why you should enter one app for viruses and another one for spywares. If you spend your most of the period online, then purchase a fortunate anti spyware software which instrument forbear you living out of sweat.

Why I need habitue anti spyware updates?

Regularize if you have the prizewinning opposed spyware software, you're not out of strive. This is because familiar lots of viruses and spywares are state matured. Redemptive surety software developer regularly update their database with hump threats and make it getable as updates. If you're using a attempt subscription, you may not admittance new updates of the software this is why you should get a subscription to assure extremum security.

A peachy windows opposing spyware thought is NoAdWare. It has all the features you poorness for close warranty and it's a operative trojan racer antivirus. It can sight a limit of dardanian horses and knows how to take win32 asian from the method without plane re-partitioning your ossified thrust.

There is a strange dichotomy of information when it comes to criminal record research, with the most easily accessed and ‘technically advanced’ records frequently being outdated and less reliable than those held in paper files, microfiche and archive rooms. Most background checks have multiple components, including an Address History, Criminal Record Searches, Employment and Education Verifications, Credit Reports and more. The purpose of this article however, is to focus on criminal record research and how developments in technology are presenting employers and other end-users with additional options, and more importantly, decisions that can minimize or create legal exposure.

In today’s world of instant information, there is often an assumption that a single, electronically accessible source of all criminal records must be available. Not so. Even the FBI National Criminal Information Center (NCIC), which is available only to law enforcement and certain government agencies, does not contain all records. The bottom line is simple; our laws and record keeping procedures haven’t kept pace with advances in technology. Enter the key words “background check” in any search engine and within a few clicks, you’ll find promotions for “Nationwide Criminal Record Search” and “Instant Statewide Criminal Record Search”. These searches are database oriented and represent the growing availability of what is commonly sold as an instant and complete background check. The idea that a criminal records search can be ordered and completed within a few seconds is very appealing – a miracle of sorts for those experiencing a time famine. In too many cases however, users are focused on delivery time and not content. Would it surprise you to find that an “Instant Statewide Search” doesn’t include all records in the state or that a “Nationwide Search” really isn’t nationwide? Don’t be. Because there is no standard among states as to what should or should not be reported with regard to criminal records, data content varies widely from one state to the next. The Massachusetts CORI system for example, filters the publicly available criminal record data extensively – the North Carolina Statewide search produces an extensive history, all the way down to low level misdemeanors and infractions. Many counties in Texas, which requires all counties to report felony convictions to the state, simply lack the personnel to comply with state regulations, leaving volumes of criminal records unreported. And with Vermont, California, Louisiana and other states offering no widespread electronic access to criminal record databases, how can a search be advertised as ‘Nationwide’? The answer to that question lies with the provider and is a valid consideration when selecting a vendor.

Of equal importance is how records reported from instant database sources can or cannot be used. If the reported information is from sources that are updated monthly, quarterly or even annually, then it isn’t considered to be the most current information available. Under the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), if a Consumer Reporting Agency (CRA) is reporting information that could have an adverse impact (such as a criminal record), they must either notify the consumer (applicant/employee) of what is being reported and to whom it is being reported; or have strict procedures in place to insure that reported information is the most accurate and up-to-date information available. In most cases, this means the records reported from the database would need to be verified with a County Court Criminal Record search.

Instant criminal record searches definitely have a place in your screening program – it just isn’t as the primary means of research. The most effective and FCRA compliant method of criminal record research is a County Court Criminal Record search conducted in each county of residency and employment during the past 7 years, supplemented by Statewide Criminal Record searches or a Multi-State Criminal Database search. County Court searches generally require a visit to the courthouse; usually Superior Court where felony and serious misdemeanors are handled. These searches produce the most current information available along with at least two identifiers. The Statewide and Multi-State database searches are an excellent means of broadening the geographic scope of the search. Even though most cases occur in a county of residency or employment, there are certainly occasions when individuals violate laws outside these areas. If a record is identified by one of the instant database searches and you plan to use it in making an employment decision, it should be verified via a County Court search.

Eventually, technology at the County Courts will advance to the point where up-to-the-minute information will be available on all records. When that point is reached, the ability to run a truly instant FCRA compliant criminal record search will have been realized. Until then, stick with the standard 7 year County Court search, and use the instant database searches as a supplement to improve your screening program.

Introduction:

As at current, we see that CMOS technology is the driving technology of the microelectronics industry, and the conventional way of fabricating integrated circuits on bulk silicon substrates has illustrated problems such as unwanted parasitic effects, latchup, and the difficulty of making shallow junctions. In the recent years, the advent of Silicon-on-Insulator has proven superior in many aspects to their bulk counterparts, and the benefits include the absence of latch-up, the reduced parasitic source and drain capacitances, the ease of making shallow junctions, radiation hardness, ability to operate at high temperature, improved transconductance and sharper subthreshold slope. There are several approaches available to create SOI wafers, and we discuss two particular techniques over here. First, we seek to illustrate a heteroepitaxy technique through the Ultra-Thin Silicon (UTSi) process where high quality Silicon-on-Sapphire (SOS) material is formed. Next, we look at a homo epitaxy technique called Epitaxial Lateral Overgrowth (ELO) technique which seeks to grow a homogenous crystal laterally on an insulator.

Ultra-Thin Silicon (UTSi) Process

Silicon-on-Sapphire (SOS) material was first introduced in 1964. SOS was recognized for its high speed and low power potential. The usage of Czochralski growth of sapphire crystals and the subsequent deposition of a silicon film in an epitaxial reactor had proved inefficient as there was high defect density due to lattice mismatch with defect densities near the Si-Sapphire interface reaching up to planar faults /cm and line defects/cm. This resulted in low resistivity, mobility, and lifetime near the interface. The silicon film deposited is also under compressive stress at room temperature due to different thermal expansion coefficients which may possibly result in relaxation in the film through crystallographic defects such as microtwins, stacking faults, and dislocations. Such consequences are undesired.[1]

Hence, these reasons advocate the need for better heteroepitaxy technique, and in which the UTSi process is one such potential candidate. The steps involved in a UTSi process are as follows: See Figure 1.

Step 1: Grow a relatively thick film of silicon on sapphire. Silane (SiH4) is commonly used as the source of silicon for SOS growth. Its pyrolysis reaction in a carrier hydrogen gas, SiH4 --> Si + 2H2, results in the deposition of a silicon layer over the sapphire substrate. The deposition temperature is usually kept below 1050 deg C in order to prevent the autodeposition of aluminum from the sapphire substrate to the silicon layer. The desired silicon orientation is , which has been achieved on various sapphire orientations, i.e., , , .

Step 2: Implantation of Si into the silicon film is carried out to amorphize the bottom 2/3 of the silicon film, with the exception of a thin superficial layer, where the original defect density is the lowest.

Step 3: A low temperature thermal annealing step is then used to induce solid-phase regrowth of the amorphized silicon, using the top silicon layer as a seed.

Step 4: The silicon film is then thinned to the desired thickness by thermal oxidation, and the subsequent HF strip of the SiO. What remains is the final product of Silicon-on-Sapphire (SOS).

It has been demonstrated that UTSi process is capable of delivering relatively defect-free and stress free SOS material in which devices with a high effective mobility can be made.

One application of the UTSi process is seen in UTSi CMOS transistors. As seen from Figure 2, the fabrication process is much simpler since the deep implants and guard regions are unnecessary thanks to the insulating sapphire substrate, and undesired effects such as leakage currents, latchup, and the RF parasitics are eliminated since the devices now sit on an insulating layer. The performance of the CMOS process is enhanced by as much as two generations of process geometry reduction. The advantages of forming CMOS transistors in the ultra thin silicon layer over insulating sapphire include the following:

* Elimination of substrate capacitance, which allows higher speed at lower power and avoids voltage dependent capacitance distortions

* Fully depleted operation, improving linearity, speed, and low voltage performance

* Excellent isolation which allows integration of multiple RF functions without crosstalk

UTSi circuits are produced that compete in the rapidly expanding wireless and fiber optic markets at higher frequencies and data rates with lower power consumption than standard bulk CMOS, SiGe and GaAs circuits, while still using standard CMOS equipment and processing.

Epitaxial Lateral Overgrowth (ELO) Technique

This technique allows the homoepitaxial growth of silicon on silicon, with the focus placed on growing the crystal laterally on the insulator. In ELO, we can perform this in an atmospheric or in a reduced-pressure epitaxial reactor. The technique consists of the epitaxial growth of silicon from seeding windows over SiO islands or devices capped with an insulator.

The steps involved in a ELO technique are as follows: See Figure 3.

Step 1: An oxide layer is grown on the (100) silicon wafer. Next, patterning is carried out on the oxide to demarcate the windows. The edges of the windows are oriented along the direction.

Step 2: Cleaning of the wafer is carried out

Step 3: Wafer is loaded into an epitaxial reactor and submitted to a high-temperature hydrogen bake to remove the native oxide from the seeding windows.

Step 4: Epitaxial growth is performed next, using e.g: SiHCl +H+ HCL gas mixture.

Step 5: Apply an in-situ HCl etch step to remove any crystallites that may be formed on the oxide due to nucleation of small silicon crystals with random orientation during the epitaxial growth.

Step 6: Once the small nuclei are removed, a new epitaxial growth step is performed, followed by an etch step, and this repeats until the oxide is covered by epitaxial silicon.

Some points we should note is that the epitaxial growth proceeds from the seeding windows both vertically and laterally, and the silicon crystal is limited by the and facets. When two growth fronts, seeded from opposite sides of the oxide, join together, a continuous silicon-on-insulator film is formed, which contains a low-angle subgrain boundary where the two growth fronts meet. A groove is observed over the centre of the SOI area. When more growth is done, this groove disappears.

As much as this is a simple technique to have homoepitaxial growth, a major disadvantage is the nearly 1:1 lateral-to-vertical growth ratio. On the other hand, the thick ELO film allows the design engineer to obtain SOI films of different thickness easily simply by polishing the wafers to required depths as needed. Also, the low defect density and low thermal budget needed to implement a ELO-SOI is considered superior to other technologies such as SIMOX (Separation by Implanted Oxygen) or other SOI processes for submicron devices.

Applications for this technique have been seen in three-dimensional and double-gate devices.

Variations in ELO technique has been witnessed in “tunnel epitaxy”, “confined lateral selective epitaxy” (CLSEG) or “pattern-constrained epitaxy” (PACE) whereby a “tunnel” of SiO is created, forcing the epitaxial silicon to propagate laterally instead of vertically. In effect, a 7:1 lateral-to-vertical growth ratio has been obtained, which is more efficient than the original approach

With the power of the Internet, you can now access the contents of the World Wide Web, which nowadays are like boundless stream of data and information. If you want to start a business and you need help, you don’t need to go anywhere for help. You’ll just have to seat down and with a little browsing in the Internet, you can find a detailed guide that would help you. Even going to school can be done online, mp3’s and almost all types of files are already downloadable in the Internet.

What else you could do? Well, you guessed it. You can now watch TV channels online. Some upgrade their pc’s to be able to watch TV on their pc and with an LCD monitor, you can really watch TV in high-definition color and do your work at the same time but if you have a good internet connection, why waste a lot of money on upgrade while you can watch the shows online?

What you need if you want to watch TV online:

First and the most important thing to consider is that you must a have a fast Internet connection. There are no real specifications on the exact speed for the buffering will also be based on the provider but you must have at least 1mb connection to have a considerable buffer speed.

Second is that you must know how to look for Internet TV channels. There are generally three types that you can find in the Internet. There are sites that will offer you to watch TV channels for free. It is good to have the word “free” but most of these sites are so slow that your fast Internet connection will look like dial-up. Some even let you sign-up something before you can start watching and be careful if it lets you download some files. This may contain viruses that can harm your pc. The second type is the site that let you watch TV shows with a price. It is a one-time registration fee and you could watch unlimited TV shows with an acceptable speed. But if you’re looking to high speed buffering. You can opt to choose a site that gives a fee for every channel you watch. Well, the option is yours to make.

Lastly, you must have all the necessary codecs and players installed so that your pc can play the shows correctly. Don’t worry, there are a lot of free downloadable players and codecs and if you have a missing codec it would automatically ask you if you want to download one and just click yes.

Most require a specific player to be installed in your system before you can start watching. Mostly it will require you to have windows media player and real player installed. Windows media player is already included in standard windows installation. For real player, there are free versions available in the internet for download.

Here are some of the channels you can watch online:

1 ABC Sports News
2 Hit Channel
3 Ireland Live
4 NASA TV at nasa.gov
5 Popp Tivi
6 Raisport
7 RTLZ
8 Video Music Network
9 Viva WOM
10 VPRO
11 VPRO Theme Channel
12 MTV Maleisia
13 Nation 217
14 Revelation TV
15 MTV UK
16 3 BTV
17 E-Music Television
18 Classic FM TV
19 RED TV
20 Hit Channel
21 Western Bonanza TV
22 GnF Movie Channel
23 Nickelodeon
24 Reelgood TV
25 Western Bonanza TV
26 NBC Los Angeles
27 MMC TV
28 MCM Top France
29 Islam Channel
30 Beat.one
31 Pulse 24

Yes there are six things you need to know before you buy a GPS for your car or truck. What do most people use a car GPS for? The most popular use is to get turn-by-turn directions while driving from point A to point B. Some popular car navigational units are the Magellan Roadmates, the Tomtom, the Garmin Nuvi units, and the new Navigon gps units.

1 - Screen Size and sound are important. Especially while driving. The screen should be readable and bright, Also Make sure the buttons are big enough for your fingers, so that you aren't pressing multiple buttons at the same time. Vehicles are noisier than you may think. Driving noise can make it difficult to hear weak audio. Be sure to check out the sound quality to make sure you can understand what is being said. It should be clear and loud so that you can hear it in your vehicle.

2 - Downloadable Maps and memory. Most gps units come with maps built in. A lot of them can download maps as well. It is a good idea to puchase one that has the ability to download maps, so that you map doesn't get outdated.

Memory - the more memory the gps unit has, the more locations, waypoints, landmarks, and maps you can save.

3 - The time it takes a GPS to find and display information. This depends on the number of channels a GPS has. The more channels the unit has the better the reception. Take this into consideration. You don't want to have to pull over and wait for it to get map data if you make a wrong turn.

4 - Does the unit speak street names? This is very helpful. If it does not say the street names and it tells you to turn right. You may have to glance at the unit to check the street name. This can be dangerous.

5 - What type of batteries are used with the GPS? Are they normal rechargeable AA batteries or are they special manufacturer batteries? Also how long do they last.

6 - Bluetooth is great for those who need to use cell phones while driving, With Bluetooth the driver can make and receive hands-free calls through the unit's speaker and microphone, and view their telephone book and access caller ID on the screen. What an amazing feature. Of course blue-tooth enabled units are little more expensive.

Those are the six things you need to know before you buy a GPS.

Heres a quick note about mapping data:

All Magellan Garmin and NAVIGON GPS units use NAVTEQ mapping data, while TomTom uses Tele Atlas. I've done research online and found that both NAVTEQ and Tele Atlas are both good and I would not base my decision on which mapping data the gps uses.

Where to buy?

A good place to check prices is at: www.gpsreviewvideos.com

This website has video reviews of numerous gps units and links to compare prices. That way you can watch a video of the gps unit, compare prices from multiple sources online and get the best price.

The popularity of Apple's iPod has spawned a huge industry of iPod accessories. There is such a wide variety to choose from, it can be hard to decide which ones are important to look at and which ones are pointless fluff. Here's a look at the five iPod classic accessories that every iPod owner needs to consider.

Case

The first iPod classic accessory that every owner should purchase is a protective case. A case is especially important if you travel with your iPod, and if you shove it in your pocket or purse with your keys you're just asking for trouble without a case. The finish of the iPod classic is especially vulnerable to the dings and dents of everyday life. A protective case will keep your iPod looking pristine, and helps keep dust and dirt away from the vulnerable electronics inside.

Screen Protector

Almost as important as a case is a screen protector. Most cases do not cover the screen, because users want to be able to see the screen without taking it out of the case. A screen protector will protect the screen, which is even more vulnerable to scratches than the metal body. And a scratch across the screen is even more annoying than a scratch across the body, because you'll be looking right at it every time you look at the screen. Like the case, if you move your iPod classic around a lot, a screen protector is a valuable iPod classic accessory that will keep your iPod looking good.

Charger

An iPod with a dead battery is basically a paperweight. An extra charger or two is an iPod classic accessory worth having, both for convenience and to reduce the chance of running out of juice. Having an extra charger means you can charge your iPod at home and in the office, and you won't run out of power in the middle of the day. If you spend a lot of time in the car and listen to your iPod while driving (through speakers or an iTrip, please don't use headphones while driving), a car charger that plugs into the lighter jack will ensure that you have music the whole way.

Cables

Cables are another necessary iPod classic accessory. With just about every computer peripheral now using a USB connection, free USB ports may be at a premium on your computer. Fear not, because you can get a cable that lets you connect your iPod to your computer's FireWire port instead. Also, if you have iTunes installed on your computer at the office as well as your home computer, an extra sync cable will save you from having to transport the cable back and forth. There are also cables available that let you connect your iPod to your home stereo.

Speakers

Speakers are one of the most popular iPod classic accessories, and therefore come in a wide variety. Most speakers plug into the headphone jack, and are either battery powered or plugged into a wall outlet. There are also speakers that the iPod classic can dock with, which will have the added benefit of charging the unit while it's playing. Many of these speaker docking stations come with a remote, so you can skip songs and adjust the volume without going over to the unit. Speakers will generally give better sound than headphones, and will allow you to share your music with everyone in the room. If you're looking for portability, go with the battery-powered speakers. Otherwise, AC-powered speakers will sound better and can have the added functionality of being a docking station.

The wide variety of iPod classic accessories available can be overwhelming. Now, you've been given the information that should help you to decide on what accessories you need, and what ones you can avoid.

Bluetooth Makes it Easy for All Your Devices and Accessories to Work Together

Bluetooth is one of the latest marketing buzzwords for PDAs and cellular phones, along with PCs and especially laptops. It is a wireless technology designed to let products and accessories built by different manufacturers work together, without requiring special access codes or driver installation. Theoretically, any Bluetooth accessory should work with any Bluetooth-enabled device, and multiple accessories working with the same device shouldn't interfere with each other.

For example, if you pick up a Bluetooth headset for your current PDA, and then in a year's time replace it with a new PDA, the headset should work with the new PDA without any difficulties. With some older PDA Bluetooth accessories and devices, this is not always the case, but generally the more recent the design of the accessory or device, the more likely it is to work with other Bluetooth products.

PDAs, Cellular Phones, and Computers

New PDAs today resemble cellular phones as much as classic PDAs like the Palm Pilot. Most of these devices are Bluetooth-enabled, and even have the capability to link with other Bluetooth-enabled PDAs and cellular phones to exchange data. For models that are not Bluetooth-enabled, there are frequently PDA Bluetooth accessories available that will add Bluetooth capabilities to the unit. Bluetooth adapters are also available for PCs and laptops, usually plugging into a USB port, allowing you to easily exchange data between your computer and your PDA.

Just about any type of data can be transferred over a Bluetooth link, from electronic business cards and pictures to word processing documents and PowerPoint presentations. For transferring data from a PDA to a computer, special software is often needed and included with the Bluetooth adapter. However, PDAs running Windows Mobile can communicate natively with computers running Windows XP Service Pack 2 or Windows Vista.

Having a Bluetooth PDA and a Bluetooth adapter for your computer can eliminate the need for a docking station or sync cable, removing one more piece of clutter from your desktop. You can even set the two devices up so they automatically synchronize their data when they're in range of each other.

Other PDA Bluetooth Accessories

Headphones and headsets are the most common PDA Bluetooth accessories right now. Wireless headphones are great if your PDA has music stored on it, because you don't have an unsightly wire running from your head to your pocket or purse. Headsets and earpieces allow hands-free operation of your cell phone or smart phone, which is not only convenient but is also quickly becoming a legal requirement world-wide for using your phone in your car.

Printer manufacturers are quickly adding Bluetooth capabilities to their products, turning them into convenient PDA Bluetooth accessories. Previously, to print something stored on your PDA, you had to use the docking station or sync cable to download the information to your computer, then print it from the computer. With a Bluetooth-enabled printer, you can send your data directly to the printer without the intervening steps. If your computer is also Bluetooth-enabled, it can send data to the printer as well, eliminating the need to hook up the printer to the computer or network.

There are many other PDA Bluetooth accessories available for your PDA, and with Bluetooth it doesn't matter who manufactures either the device or the accessory. A Motorola headset will work with an iPhone, and a Palm Tungsten can print spreadsheets on a HP LaserJet. Manufacturers are constantly coming up with new PDA Bluetooth accessories to meet the demands of consumers. Bluetooth technology is making it easier for everyone to communicate.